International Journal of Food Safety and Public Health
type: channel
description: International Journal of Food Safety and Public Health (AJB), ISSN 2756-3693 is a Open Access, Fully Refereed and Peer Reviewed International Journal. Notably, it is a Referred, Highly Indexed, Online International Journal . IJFSPH is published as a Monthly Journal with 12 issues per year. We also host International and National Conferences to publish their research work. IJFSPH covers all disciplines including Arts, Science, Commerce, Social-Sciences, Management and Engineering. IJFSPH always strives to be a platform for Academicians, new Researchers, Authors, Engineers, Technocrats and Engineering Scholars. Since inception, IJFSPH is continuously publishing original and best quality research articles. The Journal was under International Scholars Journal (ISJ PUBLISHING COMPANY) Till December 2024.
language: en
publication name: International Journal of Food Safety and Public Health
items: Nurse-Led and Physician-Led Interventions in Geriatric Care: A Comparative Health Outcomes Analysis
items: Status of Adolescent Health In India
items: Establishing Performance Norms for Skill-Related Physical Fitness among Table Tennis Athletes
items: https://ijpp.org/journal/index.php/ajb/article/view/481
items: Ethnobotanical Evaluation Of Wild Plants Used For Food, Medicine, And Cultural Practices
items: Green Analytical Chemistry In Pharmaceutical Analysis
items: Reproductive Health Practices Among Adolescent Married Girls Of Birhor And Kolha Communities In Oupada Block, Balasore
items: Cloud-Enabled Autoencoder with RNN Framework for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease
items: Artificial Intelligence–Based Food Shelf-Life Prediction
items: Grassroots Innovations in Low-Cost Sanitation Management
items: Gender and Residential Status Differences in Body Composition of SGFI Under-14 Volleyball Players
items: Designing an Eco-Sustainable Medical Nutrition Strategy to Support Better Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes
items: Studying Mindfulness Methods And Their Impact On Attention And Performance In Student Sports Participants
items: Role of Antioxidants in Cancer Prevention: An Empirical Analysis
items: Molecular Biodiversity Assessment and Health Diagnostics in Aquaculture through Environmental DNA Insights
items: Bfitness 4.0: Healthy Living With Machine Learning-Powered Nutrition And Exercise Plans
items: Efficient Microwave-Mediated Synthesis of Disubstituted Benzimidazoles: A One-Pot Green Approach with Biological Evaluation
items: Preparation Of Some New Heterocyclic Compounds Which Possess Potent Hypotensive Activity
items: Assessing the Role of an Organized Induction Program in Enhancing Competence and Adaptability of Novice Nursing Staff
items: Influence of Structured Education on Nurses' Awareness and Prevention of Needlestick Injuries
items: The Effect of Telehealth Nursing on Growth and Development Outcomes in Children
items: Effectiveness of Nursing Training in Enhancing Response to Code Blue Situations
items: Evaluating the Role of Nurse-Led Education in Enhancing Medication Compliance
items: Nursing Interventions to Reduce Mental Health Taboos in India
items: Future Trends In The Indian Banking System
items: Investigating The Role Of Social Determinants Of Health In Lifestyle-Related Disorders By Way Of Integrative And Lifestyle Medicine
items: Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity and Efficacy of Natural Preservatives Against Spoilage Microorganisms in Fermented Dairy Products
items: RETRACTED
items: Relationship Between Stress Management, Physical Fitness, and Academic Success in Physical Education Students A Study
items: Assessment Of Water Quality In Saroornagar Lake, Hyderabad

Nurse-Led and Physician-Led Interventions in Geriatric Care: A Comparative Health Outcomes Analysis
type: item
description: Geriatric care delivery faces mounting challenges with aging populations requiring specialized interventions to maintain quality of life and functional independence. This comparative analysis examines health outcomes between nurse-led and physician-led interventions in geriatric populations. The study synthesized evidence from randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing clinical outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and patient satisfaction between these two care delivery models. Data from multiple healthcare settings including primary care, long-term care facilities, and transitional care programs were analyzed. Results demonstrated that nurse practitioners achieved enhanced outcomes in 58% of measured parameters compared to physician-only care, with particular strengths in chronic disease management, medication adherence, and care coordination. Nurse-led interventions reduced 30-day readmission rates by 0.55% and achieved lower mortality rates. Cost analysis revealed significant savings ranging from $924 to $2,626 per patient depending on condition complexity. Both models demonstrated effectiveness, with nurse-led care excelling in accessibility and preventive services while physician-led care showed advantages in acute clinical decision-making. The findings support integrated care models leveraging strengths of both professionals to optimize geriatric health outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geriatric care, Nurse-led interventions, Physician-led care, Health outcomes, Cost-effectiveness.
  topic: keywords
creator: Preeti Mishra
creator: Sumant Kumar Vyas
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Authors
date: 2023-07-28
publication date: 2023-07-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

Status of Adolescent Health In India
type: item
description: Adolescent health represents a critical public health concern in India, with approximately 253 million adolescents aged 10-19 years constituting the world's largest adolescent population. This study examines the comprehensive status of adolescent health in India, focusing on nutritional deficiencies, mental health challenges, substance abuse, and reproductive health issues. The hypothesis posits that multifactorial determinants including socioeconomic status, educational attainment, and geographical location significantly influence adolescent health outcomes. Utilizing a cross-sectional analytical approach, secondary data from National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-2021) and published literature were systematically reviewed. Results reveal alarming prevalence rates: 59.1% anemia among adolescent girls, 45% undernutrition in girls and 20% in boys, 7.2% adolescent pregnancy, 25-39% depression, 4.5% drug abuse, and 50% of HIV-positive new infections occurring in 10-25 years age group. Statistical analysis demonstrates significant associations between adverse health outcomes and rural residence, low socioeconomic status, and limited education. Discussion emphasizes urgent need for strengthened policy interventions including enhanced implementation of Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram and adolescent-friendly health services. The study concludes that comprehensive, multi-sectoral approaches addressing nutritional, mental, reproductive, and behavioral health are essential for improving adolescent well-being and ensuring India's demographic dividend. DOI: https://doi-ds.org/doilink/01.2026-62318779
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Adolescent health, India, Anemia, Mental health, Substance abuse
  topic: keywords
creator: Subhasmita Dhal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Authors
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
starting page: 10
ending page: 18

Establishing Performance Norms for Skill-Related Physical Fitness among Table Tennis Athletes
type: item
description: Table tennis is a dynamic racket sport requiring exceptional skill-related physical fitness components including speed, agility, power, coordination, reaction time, and balance. This study aimed to establish performance norms for skill-related physical fitness parameters among competitive table tennis athletes and examine age and gender-related differences. A cross-sectional research design was employed with 96 table tennis athletes categorized into junior, senior, and elite groups. Physical fitness assessments included handgrip strength, vertical jump, horizontal jump, sprint tests, modified agility test, flexibility, and reaction time measurements. Results revealed significant age-related improvements in all physical parameters except flexibility, with males demonstrating superior performance in strength, power, and speed components while females showed higher flexibility scores. Performance norms were established across different age categories providing benchmark standards for talent identification and training program development. The study concludes that comprehensive physical fitness assessment protocols are essential for optimizing table tennis performance, and the established norms provide valuable reference standards for coaches and sports scientists working with Indian table tennis athletes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Table tennis, Physical fitness, Performance norms, Skill-related fitness, Athletic assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Mr. Siddhartha Srinet
creator: Dr. Om Prakash Mishra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Authors
date: 2026-01-05
publication date: 2026-01-05
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

https://ijpp.org/journal/index.php/ajb/article/view/481
type: item
title: Educational Approaches for Strengthening Nurses' Awareness and Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Delivery: A Hospital-Based Quasi-Experimental Study: Implications for Long-Term Value Creation
description: The adoption of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare requires proper readiness among the nursing leaders. This quasi-experimental study was a hospital-based study that identified the effectiveness of structured educational interventions in improving the level of awareness and acceptance of AI technologies by the nurses in healthcare delivery. India Tertiary care hospital Nurses A sample (n=120) was split into experimental and control groups. The experimental participants were provided with a four-week educational intervention on the basics of AI, its medical uses, and ethics. Validated instruments were used to measure levels of knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance, based on the pre-test and post-test assessments. The findings showed a significant difference in the scores of AI awareness (p<0.001) and acceptance (p<0.001) of the experimental group when compared to control. The intervention led to the improvement of knowledge on the AI use in monitoring patients, aiding diagnosis, and optimizing the workflow. Results indicate that pertinent educational strategies can be used to resolve knowledge gaps and minimize AI adoption resistance. This paper has justifications about introducing systematic training to equip nursing labor with AI-based medical settings and eventually adding value to the long-term with the provision of better quality care and operational efficiency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial intelligence, nursing education, healthcare technology acceptance, quasi-experimental study, digital health literacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Punam Patel
creator: Dr. Nelson Jewas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Authors
date: 2025-11-28
publication date: 2025-11-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 11

Ethnobotanical Evaluation Of Wild Plants Used For Food, Medicine, And Cultural Practices
type: item
description: Ethnobotanical knowledge is ancient knowledge that is collected through generations about the use of plants to ensure sustenance, healthcare and other cultural aspects. This paper is a systematic review of wild flora used by indigenous people in various Indian states in terms of food, medicine, and culture. The main goals were to record the species diversity, evaluate the patterns of utilization and estimate the ethnobotanical importance with the help of standardized indices. The research hypothesis was that indigenous people have a rich traditional knowledge on the use of wild plants as resources to their food security and primary healthcare. Through the use of semi-structured questionnaires and participatory rural appraisal methods data was gathered among 150 informants in the sampled villages. Findings identified 102 species of wild plants belonging to 58 families which were used in different ways, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, and Rosaceae were the major families. The statistical analysis indicated that there was a high degree of agreement on the use of the plants with the use values of the reported species being 0.48 to 0.89 as highly significant species and use values of the other species being moderate to low. There were high levels of cultural acceptance of certain species represented by quantitative indices. The paper has come up with the conclusion that the wild plants still play a significant role in indigenous livelihood systems and there is a need to protect and preserve the traditional knowledge of the important ethnobotanical heritage so as not to erode it. DOI: https://doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2025-34916186
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethnobotany, Wild edible plants, Indigenous knowledge, Medicinal plants, Traditional food systems.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Jyoti Verma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author
date: 2025-11-28
publication date: 2025-11-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

Green Analytical Chemistry In Pharmaceutical Analysis
type: item
description: Green analytical chemistry has emerged as a transformative paradigm in pharmaceutical analysis, addressing critical environmental and health concerns associated with conventional analytical methods. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the implementation of green analytical chemistry principles in pharmaceutical analysis by examining green solvents, assessment metrics, and chromatographic techniques. Employing a comprehensive review methodology, this research analyzed various green analytical approaches including supercritical fluid chromatography, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, and green solvent systems. The hypothesis posited that green analytical methods would demonstrate comparable analytical performance while significantly reducing environmental impact. Results revealed substantial improvements in environmental sustainability metrics, with analytical eco-scale scores ranging from 85-91, AGREE scores between 0.75-0.91, and significant reductions in organic solvent consumption. Green solvents such as ethanol, water, and supercritical carbon dioxide demonstrated excellent analytical performance with reduced toxicity profiles. Discussion highlights the successful integration of green chemistry principles through miniaturization, solvent replacement, and energy-efficient techniques. This research concludes that green analytical chemistry represents a viable, environmentally responsible approach for pharmaceutical analysis without compromising analytical quality, supporting sustainable development goals in the pharmaceutical industry.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Green analytical chemistry, Pharmaceutical analysis, Sustainable solvents, HPLC, Environmental metrics
  topic: keywords
creator: Twinkal Deepak
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author
date: 2025-06-27
publication date: 2025-06-27
starting page: 1
ending page: 7

Reproductive Health Practices Among Adolescent Married Girls Of Birhor And Kolha Communities In Oupada Block, Balasore
type: item
description: Reproductive health practices among tribal adolescent married girls are shaped by cultural traditions, resource availability, and limited health infrastructure access. This descriptive survey investigated practices related to menstrual hygiene, sexual behavior, and nutrition among 100 adolescent married girls (50 Birhor, 50 Kolha) in Oupada Block, Balasore District, Odisha. Using purposive sampling and structured interview questionnaires, the study hypothesized significant differences in reproductive health practices between the two tribes. Results demonstrated that 100% Birhor girls used only undergarments during menstruation versus 88% Kolha girls using old cloth. Menstrual pad washing occurred exclusively in ponds for both groups, with traditional cleaning agents (termite soil, Eukyl potash fruits) preferred over soap. Sexual practices revealed 100% both tribes considered vaginal sex as primary mode, with 64% Birhor and 68% Kolha practicing sex during menstruation. Contraceptive use was absent among Birhors while 70% Kolha girls used temporary methods. Nutritional practices showed universal non-vegetarian preference with 100% consuming Handia and alcohol during menstruation/pregnancy for energy. The study concluded that unhygienic menstrual practices, risky sexual behaviors, and inadequate nutritional practices necessitate urgent culturally-sensitive interventions addressing tribal-specific constraints. DOI: https://doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2025-43719147
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Reproductive health practices, menstrual hygiene, sexual behavior, tribal adolescents, nutritional practices.
  topic: keywords
creator: Subhasmita Dhal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author
date: 2025-10-30
publication date: 2025-10-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 17

Cloud-Enabled Autoencoder with RNN Framework for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease
type: item
description: Prevention of any progression in CKD to an advanced stage necessitates the early diagnosis of the disease. This work presents the Cloud-Enabled Autoencoder with RNN Framework for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease, which exploits the combined strengths of Autoencoders for feature extraction and Recurrent Neural Networks for temporal dependencies from clinical study data. This model uses historical medical data for the prediction of CKD onset, thereby instilling the notion of proactive healthcare. The framework is hosted on a cloud platform so that the scalability and accessibility of advanced functionalities are secured for healthcare professionals. Consequently, this model enhances CKD detection and timely intervention through the integration of Autoencoders for dimensionality reduction and RNNs for sequential pattern recognition, thus improving the patient's quality of care.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Autoencoder, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Cloud Computing, Machine Learning in Healthcare, Early Detection Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Andri Ulus Rahayu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Author
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 12

Artificial Intelligence–Based Food Shelf-Life Prediction
type: item
description: This work introduces an innovative method for assessing the remaining shelf life of fresh produce during transit, fulfilling a vital requirement in the food supply chain. The suggested system utilizes modern data analytics and machine learning to integrate environmental parameters, including temperature, humidity, and transportation conditions, in order to forecast the deterioration of freshness and nutritional quality of perishable commodities over time. The system evaluates the deterioration rate of fresh produce and determines its remaining shelf life by evaluating real-time sensor data from IoT devices deployed in transportation vehicles. The system employs historical data and predictive modeling to consider fluctuations in transportation conditions and product attributes, hence improving the precision and dependability of shelf life assessments. This project seeks to validate the efficacy and practicality of the suggested system in enhancing supply chain management, minimizing food waste, and guaranteeing the delivery of high-quality fresh produce to consumers through extensive experimentation. DOI: https://doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2025-76795961
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Remaining shelf life, Fresh produce, Perishable food monitoring, Machine learning, Predictive modeling, Internet of Things (IoT), Real-time sensor data, Cold chain logistics, Food quality assessment, Supply chain management, Food waste reduction, Transportation conditions
creator: H.fathima
creator: Dr.K.K.Savitha
creator: Mrs.C.Maheshsathya
creator: T.Vadivel
creator: Ms. M. Leelavathi
creator: Veldandi Srikanth
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Authors
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 4

Grassroots Innovations in Low-Cost Sanitation Management
type: item
description: Grassroots sanitation innovations—locally invented, adapted, or community-governed solutions—have become a practical route to safer sanitation in resource-constrained settings. They range from community mobilization models that end open defecation to frugal toilet designs, informal-settlement service models, and community-run fecal sludge treatment. This paper reviews major categories of grassroots innovations in low-cost sanitation management and explains how they work across the sanitation “service chain” (containment, emptying/transport, treatment, and safe reuse/disposal). It situates these innovations against persistent global gaps: in 2022, 3.5 billion people still lacked safely managed sanitation, including 419 million practicing open defecation. Using illustrative evidence from community-led total sanitation (CLTS), urine-diverting/ecological sanitation, container-based sanitation (CBS), and district-level fecal sludge treatment plants (FSTPs), the paper proposes an actionable framework for designing, financing, and scaling grassroots sanitation while safeguarding inclusion, dignity, and public health.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: grassroots innovation, low-cost sanitation, fecal sludge management, CLTS, ecosan, container-based sanitation, inclusive WASH
  topic: keywords
creator: Shah Swati Champaklal
creator: Dr. Dilip Kumar Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Authors
date: 2025-09-29
publication date: 2025-09-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 4

Gender and Residential Status Differences in Body Composition of SGFI Under-14 Volleyball Players
type: item
description: Background: Body composition significantly influences athletic performance in volleyball. Understanding how residential status and gender affect body composition in developing youth athletes is essential for training and nutrition optimization. Objective: This study compared body composition variables between residential and non-residential SGFI (School Games Federation of India) under-14 volleyball players, stratified by gender. Methods: A total of 47 SGFI U-14 volleyball players (24 males, 23 females; 23 residential, 24 non-residential) participated in this comparative cross-sectional study. Eight body composition variables were measured: body fat percentage, bone mass, basal metabolic rate (BMR), visceral fat percentage, subcutaneous fat percentage, protein mass, muscle mass, and skeletal muscle mass. Independent t-tests with Bonferroni correction (α=0.003125) were used to compare all males versus all females and all residential versus all non-residential groups. Results: Significant gender differences were observed in body composition. Males exhibited lower body fat percentage, visceral fat, and higher muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate (all p < 0.001, d = 1.30–2.56). Residential athletes showed greater skeletal muscle mass and protein mass than non-residential peers (p < 0.05, d = 0.35–0.88). No significant differences in bone mass were found between groups. Conclusion: Gender emerged as the primary determinant of body composition variations in SGFI U-14 volleyball players, with males exhibiting substantially lower fat mass and higher muscle mass. Residential training facilities appear to provide advantages in muscular development and protein retention, suggesting that environmental factors and structured training protocols contribute to body composition optimization in youth volleyball athletes. DOI: https://doi-ds.org/doilink/12.2025-44777313
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: body composition, gender differences, residential athletes, volleyball, youth athletes, SGFI,
  topic: keywords
creator: Mr. Shyam Lal Singh Yadav
creator: Dr. Yatendra Kumar Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Authors
date: 2025-09-29
publication date: 2025-09-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 8

Designing an Eco-Sustainable Medical Nutrition Strategy to Support Better Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes
type: item
description: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents a significant public health challenge affecting approximately 14% of pregnancies globally with profound implications for maternal-fetal health outcomes. This review paper examines the integration of eco-sustainable medical nutrition therapy strategies to optimize maternal glycemic control and enhance neonatal outcomes in women diagnosed with GDM. The primary objectives encompass evaluating plant-based dietary interventions, assessing low glycemic index nutritional approaches, and analyzing the environmental sustainability of dietary recommendations. A systematic review methodology was employed, incorporating randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and cohort studies from electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library up to 2022. The hypothesis posited that eco-sustainable dietary patterns demonstrate superior efficacy in improving maternal glucose parameters and reducing adverse neonatal outcomes compared to conventional dietary management. Results revealed that Mediterranean diet interventions reduced GDM incidence by 33%, while DASH diet significantly decreased fasting blood glucose levels. Plant-based dietary patterns demonstrated 12% risk reduction for GDM development. Macrosomia incidence reduced significantly with low glycemic index interventions. These findings conclusively support the implementation of environmentally sustainable medical nutrition strategies as evidence-based interventions for optimizing gestational diabetes management while promoting planetary health.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Eco-Sustainable Nutrition, Maternal Health, Neonatal Outcomes, Medical Nutrition Therapy
  topic: keywords
creator: Abhinanda Kanoje
creator: Dr. R.K. Anuradha
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-01-02
publication date: 2024-01-02
starting page: 1
ending page: 8

Studying Mindfulness Methods And Their Impact On Attention And Performance In Student Sports Participants
type: item
description: The present study investigates the relationship between mindfulness methods and their influence on attention and performance among student sports participants. The primary objective was to examine whether structured mindfulness interventions enhance attentional capabilities and athletic performance in collegiate athletes. A quasi-experimental research design was employed involving 120 student athletes aged 18-25 years from various sports disciplines, selected through purposive sampling technique. The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire were administered along with standardized attention and performance assessment tools. It was hypothesized that students receiving mindfulness training would demonstrate significantly improved attention scores and athletic performance compared to control groups. Results revealed that mindfulness intervention groups showed substantial improvements in sustained attention, selective attention, and overall sports performance metrics. Statistical analysis indicated significant positive correlations between mindfulness scores and performance outcomes. The findings suggest that integrating mindfulness-based training into athletic programs can effectively enhance cognitive functioning and competitive performance among student athletes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mindfulness, Attention, Sports Performance, Student Athletes, Meditation
  topic: keywords
creator: Kanhaiya Lal Sonker
creator: Dr. Ajay Telang
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-03-20
publication date: 2024-03-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

Role of Antioxidants in Cancer Prevention: An Empirical Analysis
type: item
description: Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, prompting extensive research into preventive strategies. Antioxidants have garnered significant attention for their potential role in cancer prevention through their ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species and mitigate oxidative stress-induced cellular damage. This empirical study investigates the correlation between dietary antioxidant intake and cancer incidence across diverse populations through comprehensive data analysis of 2,450 participants over a five-year period. The research employs mixed-methods analysis, incorporating dietary assessments, biomarker measurements, and cancer incidence tracking. Results indicate a statistically significant inverse relationship between regular antioxidant consumption and certain cancer types, particularly colorectal, lung, and breast cancers. Participants with high antioxidant intake demonstrated 34% lower cancer incidence compared to low-intake groups. However, the relationship exhibits complexity, with supplemental antioxidants showing variable efficacy compared to dietary sources. The study reveals that vitamins C, E, beta-carotene, selenium, and polyphenols demonstrate differential protective effects across cancer types. Statistical analysis using regression models, chi-square tests, and ANOVA confirms significant associations while accounting for confounding variables including age, lifestyle factors, and genetic predisposition. These findings contribute to evidence-based nutritional oncology and inform public health recommendations regarding antioxidant consumption for cancer prevention.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Antioxidants, Cancer Prevention, Oxidative Stress, Dietary Intake, Biomarkers, Epidemiological Analysis, Nutritional Oncology
  topic: keywords
creator: Krittitapa Dutta
creator: Dr. Dinesh Tyagi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2023-04-19
publication date: 2023-04-19
starting page: 1
ending page: 10

Molecular Biodiversity Assessment and Health Diagnostics in Aquaculture through Environmental DNA Insights
type: item
description: Environmental DNA (eDNA) technology has revolutionized molecular biodiversity assessment and health diagnostics in aquaculture systems, offering non-invasive, cost-effective monitoring approaches. This study examines the application of eDNA metabarcoding techniques for comprehensive species detection, pathogen surveillance, and ecosystem health evaluation in aquaculture environments. The methodology employed eDNA sampling from multiple aquaculture sites using standardized protocols, followed by high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. We hypothesized that eDNA approaches would demonstrate superior detection efficiency compared to traditional monitoring methods. Results revealed detection rates of 89-97% for fish species, with identification of 42-76 taxa per sampling site. Pathogen detection achieved sensitivity rates of 95-98% for bacterial and fungal pathogens, enabling early disease outbreak prediction. Statistical analysis showed significant correlations between eDNA concentrations and organism biomass. The discussion highlights eDNA's potential for real-time biosecurity monitoring, rare species detection, and water quality assessment. This study concludes that eDNA metabarcoding represents a paradigm shift in aquaculture management, providing rapid, accurate biodiversity data essential for sustainable production and ecosystem conservation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Environmental DNA; Aquaculture; Biodiversity Assessment; Pathogen Detection; Metabarcoding
  topic: keywords
creator: Amit Paul
creator: Dr. P. Viswanathan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-11-05
publication date: 2024-11-05
starting page: 1
ending page: 6

Bfitness 4.0: Healthy Living With Machine Learning-Powered Nutrition And Exercise Plans
type: item
description: In today’s fast-paced digital world, maintaining a healthy lifestyle has become increasingly difficult due to hectic schedules, sedentary habits, and diverse individual health needs. BFitness 4.0 offers a solution through a machine learning-based system that delivers customized diet and exercise plans. The platform gathers user-specific information such as age, gender, height, weight, activity level, dietary preferences, and personal health goals to design tailored fitness programs. By employing both supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods, the system identifies patterns in user data to determine optimal nutrition and workout recommendations. Utilizing ANNs and LR, BFitness 4.0 continuously refines its guidance based on user feedback, progress, and historical trends, ensuring plans remain dynamic and promote long-term adherence. The platform also integrates with wearable devices to monitor key metrics in real-time, including heart rate, steps, and calories burned, which are used to further personalize recommendations. Designed to address common health concerns such as obesity, cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle-related disorders, BFitness 4.0 offers a proactive approach to wellness. By bridging technology and health, it provides an intelligent, scalable, and user-friendly solution for personalized healthcare. Through data-driven insights and automated fitness planning, the system empowers users to make informed choices regarding their nutrition and physical activity, supporting sustainable improvements in overall well-being. This research demonstrates the potential of AI-powered health systems and sets the stage for future advancements in personalized fitness and preventive healthcare.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: BFitness 4.0, ML, ANN, LR, Personalized Fitness, Customized Diet Plans, Exercise Recommendations, Wearable Devices, Health Monitoring, Predictive Analytics, User Health Data, Preventive Healthcare, Obesity Management, Lifestyle Disorders, Data-Driven Fitness.
creator: D. Madhuri
creator: Dr. S. Viswanadha Raju
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-11-03
publication date: 2025-11-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 5

Efficient Microwave-Mediated Synthesis of Disubstituted Benzimidazoles: A One-Pot Green Approach with Biological Evaluation
type: item
description: The benzimidazole nucleus represents a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry, underpinning a wide array of therapeutic agents. However, conventional synthetic routes to disubstituted benzimidazoles often suffer from harsh conditions, prolonged reaction times, and environmentally detrimental reagents. In response, this study delineates the development of an efficient, one-pot, and environmentally benign methodology for the synthesis of a novel series of disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives utilizing microwave irradiation. The optimized protocol employs ethanol as a green solvent and operates under catalyst-free conditions, facilitating rapid cyclocondensation between *o*-phenylenediamine and various aryl aldehydes. This method offers remarkable advantages, including significantly reduced reaction times (2-8 minutes), excellent yields (85-96%), and minimal waste production, as evidenced by a low E-factor. The reaction demonstrated broad substrate scope and generality, tolerating a range of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents. All newly synthesized compounds were fully characterized by spectroscopic techniques (¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR, MS). The biological potential of the compounds was evaluated through in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic assays. Several derivatives exhibited promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values comparable to standard drugs, and displayed significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and A549 cancer cell lines. A preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) was deduced, indicating the influence of specific substituents on bioactivity. Collectively, this microwave-mediated strategy embodies key principles of green chemistry, providing a sustainable, rapid, and high-yielding pathway to biologically relevant disubstituted benzimidazoles, thereby holding substantial promise for future pharmaceutical development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Microwave-assisted synthesis, Benzimidazoles, Green chemistry, One-pot synthesis, Antimicrobial activity, Cytotoxicity, Structure-activity relationship (SAR).
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Himanshu Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Author
date: 2017-08-29
publication date: 2017-08-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 12

Preparation Of Some New Heterocyclic Compounds Which Possess Potent Hypotensive Activity
type: item
description: Hypertension remains a critical global health challenge, driving the continuous search for novel therapeutic agents with improved efficacy and safety profiles. Heterocyclic compounds are pivotal scaffolds in cardiovascular drug discovery. This study describes the design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of a new series of thiazolidinone-based heterocyclic derivatives as potential antihypertensive agents. The target compounds were efficiently synthesized via a cyclocondensation reaction between 4-substituted thiosemicarbazides and chloroacetic acid, yielding twelve novel analogues. All structures were unequivocally characterized using spectroscopic techniques (IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and Mass Spectrometry). The hypotensive activity was assessed in vivo using an Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced hypertensive rat model. Several compounds elicited a significant dose-dependent reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Notably, compound 7c, bearing a 4-chlorophenyl moiety, emerged as the most potent, producing a maximum reduction in systolic blood pressure of 38.5 ± 2.1 mmHg, an effect comparable to the standard drug Captopril. Preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis indicated that electron-withdrawing substituents on the phenyl ring enhance hypotensive potency. The findings suggest that this novel thiazolidinone series represents a promising lead for the development of new antihypertensive drugs.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hypertension, Heterocyclic Compounds, Thiazolidinone, Synthesis, Antihypertensive Agents, L-NAME Model, Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR), Cardiovascular Pharmacology
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Himanshu Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2016 Author
date: 2016-09-28
publication date: 2016-09-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 10

Assessing the Role of an Organized Induction Program in Enhancing Competence and Adaptability of Novice Nursing Staff
type: item
description: The transition from nursing education to professional practice is a critical phase often marked by “transition shock,” during which newly graduated nurses encounter multiple challenges such as inadequate clinical competence, psychological stress, and difficulties in adaptation, all of which can adversely affect healthcare quality and workforce retention. This study assessed the effectiveness of structured induction programs in addressing these challenges among novice nurses in Indian healthcare settings. A quasi-experimental design was conducted with 250 newly recruited nurses from tertiary care hospitals, divided into intervention (n=130) and control (n=120) groups. The intervention group underwent a four-week structured induction program comprising theoretical instruction, clinical skill training, preceptorship, and mentoring, while the control group received routine orientation. Results showed significant improvements in the intervention group, with clinical competence scores rising from 28.5±5.2 to 57.1±4.8 (p<0.001), 87% demonstrating high adaptability compared to 52% in controls (p<0.001), reduced transition shock (36.8±6.4 to 18.2±4.1, p<0.001), and higher job satisfaction (72% vs 45%, p<0.001). These findings underscore the value of structured induction programs in enhancing competence, adaptation, satisfaction, and retention, ultimately improving healthcare delivery
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nursing induction program, clinical competence, adaptability, transition shock, novice nurses
  topic: keywords
creator: P. Bharathi
creator: Dr. Surendra Goswami
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-01-03
publication date: 2025-01-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 7

Influence of Structured Education on Nurses' Awareness and Prevention of Needlestick Injuries
type: item
description: Needlestick injuries (NSIs) constitute a significant occupational hazard for healthcare workers, particularly nurses, exposing them to potentially life-threatening bloodborne pathogens including Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of structured education programs on nurses' awareness and prevention practices regarding needlestick injuries in tertiary care hospitals. A quasi-experimental research design was employed involving 120 registered nurses from selected hospitals, divided equally into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a comprehensive structured education program comprising didactic sessions, demonstrations, and hands-on training over four weeks, while the control group received routine hospital orientation. Pre-test and post-test assessments measured knowledge, attitude, and practice scores using validated instruments. Results demonstrated statistically significant improvements in the experimental group, with mean knowledge scores increasing from 12.45±3.21 to 21.87±2.14 (p<0.001), attitude scores improving from 38.23±5.67 to 54.76±4.32 (p<0.001), and practice scores advancing from 23.36±4.58 to 34.89±3.21 (p<0.001). The incidence of NSIs decreased by 68% in the experimental group during the six-month follow-up period. These findings underscore the critical importance of implementing structured educational interventions as an integral component of occupational safety programs to enhance nurses' competency in NSI prevention and management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Needlestick injuries, structured education, nurses' awareness, prevention strategies, occupational safety
  topic: keywords
creator: Sivakami S
creator: Dr. Surendra Goswami
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-01-03
publication date: 2025-01-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

The Effect of Telehealth Nursing on Growth and Development Outcomes in Children
type: item
description: Telehealth nursing has emerged as a transformative approach in pediatric care, particularly in resource-limited settings. In India, where geographical barriers and healthcare accessibility remain significant challenges, telehealth interventions offer promising solutions for monitoring child growth and development. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of telehealth nursing interventions on growth parameters and developmental milestones in children aged 0-5 years, comparing outcomes with traditional in-person care. A quasi-experimental design was employed with 240 children divided into telehealth (n=120) and control groups (n=120) across urban and rural Indian settings over 12 months. Growth measurements including weight-for-age, height-for-age, and developmental assessments using standardized tools were conducted. Telehealth nursing interventions significantly improve growth and developmental outcomes in children compared to conventional care. Results indicated significant improvements in growth parameters (p<0.05) and developmental milestone achievement in the telehealth group. Enhanced parental engagement and timely interventions contributed to positive outcomes. Telehealth nursing demonstrates effectiveness in promoting optimal child growth and development, offering a viable model for pediatric healthcare delivery in India.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Telehealth nursing, child growth, developmental outcomes, pediatric care, telehealth interventions
  topic: keywords
creator: Priyanka Yadav
creator: Dr. Surendra Goswami
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-01-03
publication date: 2025-01-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 7

Effectiveness of Nursing Training in Enhancing Response to Code Blue Situations
type: item
description: Code Blue situations represent critical medical emergencies requiring immediate and proficient nursing response to improve patient survival outcomes. This study examines the effectiveness of structured nursing training programs in enhancing nurses' knowledge, skills, and response capabilities during Code Blue events. A quasi-experimental design was employed with 120 nurses from tertiary care hospitals in India, divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received comprehensive simulation-based training including theoretical instruction, hands-on practice, and scenario-based drills over a 6-week period. Data collection involved pre-test and post-test assessments measuring knowledge scores, skill competency levels, response times, and confidence ratings. Results demonstrated significant improvements in the intervention group: knowledge scores increased from 58.4% to 84.7%, skill competency improved by 68%, mean response time decreased from 2.8 minutes to 1.2 minutes, and confidence levels rose from 42% to 89%. Statistical analysis using paired t-tests revealed highly significant differences (p<0.001) across all parameters. The study concludes that structured, simulation-based nursing training significantly enhances Code Blue response effectiveness, supporting its integration into mandatory continuing education programs for optimal emergency care delivery and improved patient outcomes in critical care settings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Code Blue training, Nursing competency, Simulation-based learning, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Emergency response
  topic: keywords
creator: Anjali Shukla
creator: Dr. Avdhesh Kumar Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-01-03
publication date: 2025-01-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 8

Evaluating the Role of Nurse-Led Education in Enhancing Medication Compliance
type: item
description: Medication non-adherence represents a critical global healthcare challenge, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure. Nurse-led educational interventions have emerged as a promising strategy to address this persistent problem, particularly in chronic disease management. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led educational interventions in improving medication compliance among patients with chronic diseases, assess the impact on clinical outcomes, identify barriers to medication adherence, and determine the sustainability of improved adherence patterns following nurse-led interventions. A systematic review approach was employed, analyzing randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies published between 2020-2024. The study focused on nurse-led educational interventions targeting medication adherence in chronic disease populations including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and multimorbidity conditions. Data synthesis included meta-analysis of adherence rates, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction metrics. Nurse-led educational interventions demonstrated significant improvements in medication adherence rates, with face-to-face interventions showing 71.4% effectiveness and mixed-method approaches achieving 44.4% success rates. Remote interventions demonstrated 16.7% effectiveness. Clinical outcomes including blood pressure control, glycemic management, and hospitalization rates showed statistically significant improvements in intervention groups compared to usual care. Nurse-led educational interventions constitute an effective, evidence-based strategy for enhancing medication compliance across diverse chronic disease populations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nurse-led education, Medication adherence, Chronic disease management, Patient education, Healthcare outcomes
  topic: keywords
creator: Anita Meena
creator: Dr. Avdhesh Kumar Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-01-03
publication date: 2025-01-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

Nursing Interventions to Reduce Mental Health Taboos in India
type: item
description: Mental health stigma remains a critical barrier to healthcare access in India, where cultural beliefs, social norms, and limited awareness perpetuate discrimination against individuals with mental illness. This study explores nursing interventions designed to reduce mental health taboos through community-based education, counseling, and advocacy programs. To assess the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in reducing stigma, improving mental health literacy, and enhancing help-seeking behaviors among Indian populations. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted across urban and rural healthcare settings in India, utilizing standardized stigma assessment scales, mental health knowledge questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews with 450 participants. Nurses implemented psychoeducation sessions, support group facilitation, and community outreach programs over six months. Structured nursing interventions significantly reduce mental health stigma and improve community attitudes toward mental illness. Statistical analysis revealed significant improvements in mental health knowledge (p<0.01), reduced stigmatizing attitudes (p<0.001), and increased willingness to seek professional help (p<0.05). Nurse-led interventions effectively challenged cultural misconceptions and normalized mental health conversations in community settings. Strategic nursing interventions are essential tools for dismantling mental health taboos in India, promoting inclusive healthcare environments and improving overall mental wellness.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mental health stigma, nursing interventions, community health education, mental health literacy, India
  topic: keywords
creator: Anil Badhala
creator: Dr. Avdhesh Kumar Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-01-03
publication date: 2025-01-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 13

Future Trends In The Indian Banking System
type: item
description: "A bank is an entity that provides people with secure and necessary advances of money and to which people entrust money when they do not need it," Kinley explained. According to the Banking Regulation Act of 1949, "banking" in India is "the receiving for the purpose of lending or investing deposits of money from the Public, repayable on demand or otherwise and withdrawable by check, draft, order, or otherwise." There have been many shifts in India's banking industry throughout the years. In an effort to provide more value to their consumers, most banks have started to innovate. Debit and credit cards, retail banking, ATMs, NEFT, and many more innovations have resulted from this in the banking and financial industries. Financial institutions are making significant investments in R&D, bringing cutting-edge ideas and technology to bear in response to India's growing liberalization, privatization, and globalization. Traditional methods of dealing with funds have been transformed by the convergence of cutting-edge financial technology with banking services. Some of the most prominent instances of new developments in the banking industry are the proliferation of fintech companies, online banking, and mobile banking. DOI: https://doi-ds.org/doilink/10.2025-59324582
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dr. Sachin Ashok Deshmukh
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-01-03
publication date: 2024-01-03
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

Investigating The Role Of Social Determinants Of Health In Lifestyle-Related Disorders By Way Of Integrative And Lifestyle Medicine
type: item
description: Social determinants of health (SDH) significantly influence the prevalence and management of lifestyle-related disorders in India. This study examines the relationship between socioeconomic factors, environmental conditions, and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) through the lens of integrative and lifestyle medicine approaches. A comprehensive analysis of national health survey data and clinical studies reveals that factors such as poverty, education levels, caste, gender inequality, and healthcare access substantially impact disease outcomes. The National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-2021) data demonstrates alarming increases in hypertension prevalence from 15% to 24% in men and 11% to 21% in women compared to NFHS-4. Diabetes prevalence shows similar upward trends, particularly among marginalized communities. Integrative medicine approaches combining traditional systems like Ayurveda with modern healthcare show promising results in addressing these challenges. The research methodology employed systematic review of existing literature, analysis of NFHS-5 data, and evaluation of integrative medicine interventions. Results indicate that comprehensive approaches addressing social determinants alongside clinical interventions yield superior outcomes. This study concludes that addressing SDH through policy interventions, community-based healthcare programs, and integrative medicine approaches is essential for reducing the burden of lifestyle-related disorders in India. Healthcare systems must adopt holistic strategies that consider social context while implementing evidence-based integrative therapies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social determinants of health, lifestyle disorders, integrative medicine, non-communicable diseases, health equity
  topic: keywords
creator: Supratim Paul
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-01-30
publication date: 2024-01-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 8

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity and Efficacy of Natural Preservatives Against Spoilage Microorganisms in Fermented Dairy Products
type: item
description: This study investigated the preservative efficacy of six natural compounds, clove essential oil, nisin, infused olive oil, garlic extract, ginger extract, and extra virgin olive oil, across five culturally significant fermented dairy products: yogurt (FDP-01), kefir (FDP-02), paneer (FDP-03), shrikhand (FDP-04), and misti doi (FDP-05). The objective was to evaluate their antimicrobial, physicochemical, and sensory impact over a 21-day refrigerated storage period, with emphasis on microbial suppression, shelf-life extension, and consumer acceptability. Microbial screening was performed against dominant spoilage organisms, including Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Penicillium spp. Zone of inhibition assays, MIC/MBC/MFC determinations, and multivariate ranking revealed clove essential oil and nisin as the most potent agents, with MIC values ≤0.5 mg/mL and complete inhibition of fungal growth at low concentrations. Their efficacy was further validated through declining total viable counts (TVC) in treated samples, maintaining microbial loads below spoilage thresholds throughout storage. Physicochemical parameters (pH, titratable acidity, viscosity) were monitored at 7-day intervals using standard methods. Control samples exhibited progressive acidification and viscosity loss, while clove oil and nisin treatments preserved structural integrity across all matrices. In paneer and misti doi, nisin proved particularly effective in minimizing curd separation and proteolytic degradation. Strong inverse correlations were observed between microbial proliferation and both pH (r = –0.88) and viscosity (r = –0.76), affirming the biochemical role of microbial control in spoilage prevention.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Natural preservatives, Fermented dairy, Clove essential oil, Nisin, Shelf-life extension, Sensory evaluation
  topic: keywords
creator: Anjum Banu
creator: Mrs. Khadijah Al Khadir
creator: Dr. Majid Mohiuddin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-08-27
publication date: 2025-08-27
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

RETRACTED
type: item
description: .
subject: Articles
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-22
publication date: 2025-09-22
starting page: 1
ending page: 11

Relationship Between Stress Management, Physical Fitness, and Academic Success in Physical Education Students A Study
type: item
description: The academic success of physical education students is not solely dependent on cognitive ability, but is also significantly influenced by stress management and physical fitness. This study investigates the interrelationship between stress management practices, levels of physical fitness, and their collective impact on academic achievement among physical education students. A mixed-method approach was employed, involving standardized stress management scales, physical fitness assessments, and analysis of grade point averages (GPA). The results highlight that students with higher stress management skills and better physical fitness consistently demonstrate superior academic outcomes compared to their counterparts. Findings reveal that stress management acts as a mediating variable between physical fitness and academic success, emphasizing the holistic role of wellness in academic performance. The paper concludes that integrating structured stress management training and regular physical activity programs into the curriculum could significantly enhance both well-being and academic performance of physical education students.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Sajid Ansari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-02-22
publication date: 2025-02-22
starting page: 1
ending page: 5

Assessment Of Water Quality In Saroornagar Lake, Hyderabad
type: item
description: Hyderabad is popularly known as the Lake City of India owing to the presence of numerous lakes across the twin cities. In recent times, the city has experienced unplanned urbanization and increased industrial activity. Consequently, the water quality in most Hyderabad lakes has decreased because of irresponsible discharge of sewage and industrial effluents. The current research is centered on the evaluation of Saroornagar Lake's water quality in the eastern region of Hyderabad. The evaluation has been done through the review of data from 2016 to 2022, taking into consideration some key parameters like DO, pH, Conductivity, BOD, Nitrates, Total coliforms, Fecal coliforms, COD, Chlorides, Sulfates, TDS, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Alkalinity, and Hardness. The lake's water quality has been found not suitable for drinking purposes based on Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) standards for drinking water (IS -10500: 2012). Further research discloses that the lake's water is heavily polluted, dangerous to aquatic life. Results of this research can assist the government in preparing policies to avoid further degradation. They can also act as inputs to create water treatment processes for polluted water and to maintain a balanced aquatic ecosystem. DOI: https://doi-ds.org/doilink/09.2025-99142999
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Industrialization, Urbanization, Water Quality index parameters, aquatic life.
  topic: keywords
creator: Hina Alam
creator: Dr. Masroor Fatima
creator: Dr. Shakeel Ahmed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Authors
date: 2025-05-28
publication date: 2025-05-28
starting page: 33
ending page: 45